To date, April 1st 2024, 74.4% of the 5602 confirmed exoplanets have been discovered through transit observations. This technique involves observing the imperceptible and periodic dimming of the luminosity of the central star during each transit of their planets in front of the star with respect to our line of sight. Furthermore, by comparing spectroscopic observations of the star outside
Stars do not form in isolation. During gravitational collapse, molecular clouds fragment, forming a large number of stars. For this reason, young stars are typically observed as members of star clusters or associations. In the past decade, the study of stellar clusters in the Milky Way has undergone a revolution, thanks to observations from the Gaia satellite of the
The study of the orbital parameters of exoplanets can shed light on their past. An important quantity in this context is the eccentricity of elliptical orbits, which is the ratio between the distance of the foci over the major semiaxis. Eccentricity is equal to zero when the ellipse degenerates into a circle or equal to one when it degenerates into
One of the lessons we have learned after two decades of exoplanetary science, primarily from the diversity of exoplanets discovered to date, is that various properties of exoplanets depend on the characteristics and evolution of their parent stars. Specifically, stellar X-ray and UV radiation can impact the chemical and physical properties of planetary atmospheres. While UV radiation is primarily absorbed
Supernova remnants, which are nebulae produced by explosion of supernovae and undergoing rapid expansion, typically serve as intense sources of high-energy radiation, particularly in the form of X-ray emissions. This radiation can be of two different types: thermal and non-thermal. Thermal radiation is emitted by dense material and is contingent upon the temperature of the emitting gas. To emit X-rays,
Hot Jupiters represent an interesting class of exoplanets that does not exist in the Solar System. These are giant gaseous planets that orbit at such close distances from their stars that their orbital periods are shorter than 10 days. Due to their proximity to their stars, these planets have very hot atmospheres, with temperatures exceeding 1500 K. For this reason,
The Sun regularly exhibits magnetic phenomena, including sunspots and solar flares, which are not only visually appealing but also crucial for in-depth study and understanding. This is because these phenomena arise from large-scale interactions between the solar magnetic field and its plasma. Moreover, they provide valuable insights into the structure of the Sun and its atmosphere. Almost all other
SN1987 A is one of the most significant objects for studying supernova explosions and their remnants. This is because it is the only core-collapse supernova that has occurred relatively close to us (approximately 170000 light-years away, in the Large Magellanic Cloud) in the modern epoch. Therefore, it is the sole object of this type for which we have telescope observations
Among the stars known to host more than one planet, V1298 Tau deserves particular attention. This star, located approximately 360 light years away from us, is around 20 million years old and possesses a planetary system with four exoplanets discovered so far. Due to these characteristics, V1298 Tau can offer valuable insights into the planetary formation process and the early
Stellar clusters are important targets for studying stellar evolution and, in the case of the youngest star clusters, the products of the star and planet formation processes. Our galaxy hosts a rich population of young stellar clusters, typically with masses of a few hundred solar masses. In the solar neighborhood, for instance, there are only a few young clusters with
