In the Universe, various environments are characterized by shocks capable of converting the kinetic energy of gas and particle flows into heat, turbulence, magnetic energy, and, ultimately, accelerating particles to relativistic energies, producing cosmic rays. The sizes of these systems can vary by many orders of magnitude, ranging from the typical dimensions of the interplanetary environment to the enormous galaxy
Solar wind is made of charged particles (plasma) ejected by the coronal magnetic activity and travelling through the interplanetary space. Once these particles reach Earth and interact with the magnetosphere and atmosphere of our planet, they produce phenomena such as the aurorae. In their journey through the interplanetary space, these particles are funelled by the solar magnetic field. Every
